底栖硅藻固定化研究

IOCAS-IR > 海洋环流与波动重点实验室

	底栖硅藻固定化研究
	陈守芬
学位类型	博士
	1989
学位授予单位	中国科学院海洋研究所
学位授予地点	中国科学院海洋研究所
学位专业	藻类生物学
摘要	固定化是一个将酶或细胞固定到特定载体中或表面上的生物工程技术。在国际上，海藻固定化研究刚刚兴起，它作为藻类光生物反应器的一项基础技术，具有重要的理论意义，在藻类生物工程中有广泛的应用前景。用褐藻酸钙和聚氨酯泡沫塑料作载体，研究了被动包埋和主动侵入式固定化对底栖硅藻舟形藻（Navicula sp.）和新月菱形藻 (Nitzschia closterium) 的生长和生理物特性的影响，同时研究了载体本身的透光性和通透性。结果表明，褐藻酸钙固定化对底栖硅藻的光合作用有暂时的影响，但在培养过程中恢复正常。泡沫塑料固定化对硅藻无不良影响。在二种载体中，硅藻均能正常生长，光合色素组成和色素间能量传递以及光合作用和呼吸作用等生理过程都保持正常。由于载体对光的衰减和藻体相互遮光，使载体内部的藻处于弱光照，载体越大，影响越明显。硅藻的光合作用在这种固定化光照条件下表现为小环藻（Cyclotella）型的光强适应。载体为底栖硅藻提供了立体的生长空间，加大了单位水体的容量，而单位体积的褐藻酸钙的最大容量又是泡沫塑料的1.3-1.6倍。硅藻在褐藻酸钙胶球中生长曲线有明显的静止期，在泡沫塑料中无明显的静止期。胶球和泡沫塑料块的大小对硅藻的生长和最大光合速率有明显的影响。从载体的结构和特性对上述结果作了解释。上述结果为构建光生物反应器，底栖硅藻保种和大量扩种，用于鲍鱼和海参育苗生产提供必要依据。
其他摘要	Immobilization is the operation of imprisoning enzymes of cells in a distinct phase. Although immobilized enzymes had been studied for about 40 years, the research on algae began recently. As a basic technique of algal photobioreactor, it has theoretic significance and broad applying prospects. Calcium alginate and polyvinly foam were used as matrixes. The effects of passive and active entrapments on the growth and physiological characteristics of Navicula sp. and Nitzschia dosterium as well as ventilation and transmissivity of the matrixes were studied. The measurements of the photosynthetic pigment composition, energy transmission among pigments, the rates of photosynthesis and respiration indicated that Navicula sp. and Nitzschia dosterium grew normally in the calcium alginate and polyvinly foam, although the photosynthesis and respiration of these two algae were affected temperally by calcium algina immobilization. Because of the light intensity attenuated by the matrixes and self-shading of algae, the benthic diatom in the matrixes were grown in weak light. With the increase of the matrixes volume, the reduction of light intensity becamemore obvious. In the case of immobilization, the photosynthtic adaptation type of these algae is that of Cyclotella. Matrixes enlarged the volume of unit water body by providing tri-dimension growth spaces for benthic diatom. The maximum unit capacity of calium alginate as 1.3-1.6 times as large as that of polyvinly foam. There was a relatively long stationary phase in the growth curve of these algae in calcium alginate, but there was no obivious stationary phase in polyvinly foam. The volumes of gel balls and polyvinly blocks had obvious effects on the photosynthetic and growth rates. The above results were discussed in the aspects of the structures and characteristics of the matrixes. The above results provide necessary information for designing photobioreactor, prolonging culture longevity and enlarging the quantities of the benthic diatom. This information is also beneficial to culture of abalone and sea cucumber.
页数	40
语种	中文
文献类型	学位论文
条目标识符	http://ir.qdio.ac.cn/handle/337002/1107
专题	海洋环流与波动重点实验室
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	陈守芬. 底栖硅藻固定化研究[D]. 中国科学院海洋研究所. 中国科学院海洋研究所,1989.

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