Comprehensive Satellite Observations and a Numerical Study of a Wintertime Shallow Sea Smoke Event in the Yellow Sea

doi:10.1175/JAS-D-22-0065.1

IOCAS-IR > 海洋环流与波动重点实验室

	Comprehensive Satellite Observations and a Numerical Study of a Wintertime Shallow Sea Smoke Event in the Yellow Sea
	Li, Xiaofeng 1,2; Shen, Dongliang 3; Zheng, Gang 4,5; Zhou, Lizhang 4; Liu, Aiyue 1,2
	2022-12-01
发表期刊	JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
ISSN	0022-4928
卷号	79 期号:12 页码:3163-3179
通讯作者	Shen, Dongliang()
摘要	A winter storm triggered a significant sea smoke with the northwesterly wind to the Yellow Sea, China, on 7 January 2021. The ocean responses to this event lasted about 3 days. Satellite observations show that the sea surface temperature dropped from 5.7 degrees to 4.7 degrees C on the following day and then recovered to the previous level; the chlorophyll-a, a bio-growth indicator, increased from 3.6 to 3.9 mg m(-3) due to cooling-induced coastal upwelling between 7 and 9 January. Two buoys measurements showed that the air temperature dropped to -13.3 degrees C and high relative humidity with a maximum value of 89.0% above the sea surface, creating favorable conditions for sea smoke generation. A Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS) and Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model coupled model with the Goddard Chemistry Aerosol Radiation and Transport (GOCART) chemical module was implemented to reproduce this sea smoke phenomenon and analyze the air-sea interaction. The 20 degrees C temperature difference between extreme cold air (-13.3 degrees C) and the relatively warm stable sea surface (4.7 degrees-5.7 degrees C) enhanced the seawater evaporation. In addition, we suppose the concentration of sea salt, a kind of condensation nucleus, with a particle diameter of 0.5-1.5 mu m above the sea surface increased quickly on 7 January. The boiling-water-like sea surface was imaged on a synthetic aperture image. We developed an image analysis method to describe the cell-shaped texture characteristics imaged by Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR). We also found that the sea surface imprints of sea smoke are governed by the thermal, not the dynamical instability. Significance StatementOn 7 January 2021, a significant sea smoke event happened in the Yellow Sea. The ocean response to the event lasted 3 days. First, on a synoptic scale, this study presents the comprehensive satellite observations of the sea surface temperature drop and chlorophyll-a increase associated with the sea smoke. Second, a coupled air-sea interaction model with the Goddard Chemistry Aerosol Radiation and Transport (GOCART) chemical module was implemented to reproduce this sea smoke phenomenon and identify which condensation nucleus induced such heavy sea smoke. Third, we developed an image analysis method to analyze high-resolution synthetic aperture radar images and found that the sea surface imprints of sea smoke are governed by the thermal, not the dynamical instability.
关键词	Atmosphere-ocean interaction Fog Marine boundary layer
DOI	10.1175/JAS-D-22-0065.1
收录类别	SCI
语种	英语
资助项目	Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)[XDA19060101] ; Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)[XDB42040401] ; Key Research and Development Project of Shandong Province[2019JZZY010102] ; Key Deployment Project of Centre for Ocean Mega-Science ; CAS[COMS2019R02] ; CAS[Y9KY04101L] ; Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China[LR21D060002]
WOS研究方向	Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
WOS类目	Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
WOS记录号	WOS:000900391300004
出版者	AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
WOS关键词	CONDENSATION NUCLEI CCN ; COLD-WATER MASS ; FOG EVENT ; INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT ; BOUNDARY-CONDITION ; MODELING SYSTEM ; WEST-COAST ; SURFACE ; SIMULATIONS ; CLOUD
引用统计	被引频次：1[WOS] [WOS记录] [WOS相关记录]
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://ir.qdio.ac.cn/handle/337002/183258
专题	海洋环流与波动重点实验室
通讯作者	Shen, Dongliang
作者单位	1.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Oceanol, Key Lab Ocean Circulat & Waves, Qingdao, Peoples R China 2.Chinese Acad Sci, Ctr Ocean Mega Sci, Qingdao, Peoples R China 3.Coastal Carolina Univ, Dept Marine Sci, Conway, SC 29528 USA 4.Minist Nat Resources, Inst Oceanog 2, State Key Lab Satellite Ocean Environm Dynam, Hangzhou, Peoples R China 5.Southern Marine Sci & Engn Guangdong Lab, Zhuhai, Peoples R China
第一作者单位	海洋环流与波动重点实验室
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Li, Xiaofeng,Shen, Dongliang,Zheng, Gang,et al. Comprehensive Satellite Observations and a Numerical Study of a Wintertime Shallow Sea Smoke Event in the Yellow Sea[J]. JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES,2022,79(12):3163-3179.
APA	Li, Xiaofeng,Shen, Dongliang,Zheng, Gang,Zhou, Lizhang,&Liu, Aiyue.(2022).Comprehensive Satellite Observations and a Numerical Study of a Wintertime Shallow Sea Smoke Event in the Yellow Sea.JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES,79(12),3163-3179.
MLA	Li, Xiaofeng,et al."Comprehensive Satellite Observations and a Numerical Study of a Wintertime Shallow Sea Smoke Event in the Yellow Sea".JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES 79.12(2022):3163-3179.