The Southern Ocean carbon sink has been overestimated in the past three decades

doi:10.1038/s43247-024-01566-6

IOCAS-IR

	The Southern Ocean carbon sink has been overestimated in the past three decades
	Zhong, Guorong 1,2,3,4; Li, Xuegang 1,2,3,4; Song, Jinming1,2,3,4 ; Wang, Fan1,3,4 ; Qu, Baoxiao1,3,4 ; Wang, Yanjun 1,4; Zhang, Bin 1,4; Ma, Jun 1,3,4; Yuan, Huamao 1,2,3,4; Duan, Liqin 1,2,3,4; Wang, Qidong1,3,4 ; Xing, Jianwei1,3,4 ; Dai, Jiajia 1,3,4
	2024-07-24
发表期刊	COMMUNICATIONS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT
卷号	5 期号:1 页码:12
通讯作者	Li, Xuegang(lixuegang@qdio.ac.cn) ; Song, Jinming(jmsong@qdio.ac.cn)
摘要	Employing machine learning methods for mapping surface ocean pCO2 has reduced the uncertainty in estimating sea-air CO2 flux. However, a general discrepancy exists between the Southern Ocean carbon sinks derived from pCO2 products and those from biogeochemistry models. Here, by performing a boosting ensemble learning feed-forward neural networks method, we have identified an underestimation of the surface Southern Ocean pCO2 due to notably uneven density of pCO2 measurements between summer and winter, which resulted in about 16% overestimating of Southern Ocean carbon sink over the past three decades. In particular, the Southern Ocean carbon sink since 2010 was notably overestimated by approximately 29%. This overestimation can be mitigated by a winter correction in algorithms, with the average Southern Ocean carbon sink during 1992-2021 corrected to -0.87 PgC yr-1 from the original -1.01 PgC yr-1. Furthermore, the most notable underestimation of surface ocean pCO2 mainly occurred in regions south of 60 degrees S and was hiding under ice cover. As the surface ocean pCO2 under sea ice coverage in the winter is much higher than the atmosphere, if sea ice melts completely, there could be a further reduction of about 0.14 PgC yr-1 in the Southern Ocean carbon sink. Surface partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the Southern Ocean has been underestimated, in particular beneath sea ice, because of uneven observational density in winter and summer, suggesting that the carbon sink may weaken further in the future, according to analyses of in-situ observations with a neural-network-based method.
DOI	10.1038/s43247-024-01566-6
收录类别	SCI
语种	英语
资助项目	the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant nos.42176200), Laoshan Laboratory (LSKJ202204001, LSKJ202205001),National Key Research and Development Program (2022YFC3104305)[42176200] ; the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant nos.42176200), Laoshan Laboratory (LSKJ202204001, LSKJ202205001),National Key Research and Development Program (2022YFC3104305)[LSKJ202204001] ; the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant nos.42176200), Laoshan Laboratory (LSKJ202204001, LSKJ202205001),National Key Research and Development Program (2022YFC3104305)[LSKJ202205001] ; National Natural Science Foundation of China[2022YFC3104305] ; National Key Research and Development Program ; Yantai City Talent Programs ; Public Technical Service Center, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences ; International Ocean Carbon Coordination Project (IOCCP) ; Surface Ocean Lower Atmosphere Study (SOLAS) ; Integrated Marine Biosphere Research (IMBeR) program
WOS研究方向	Environmental Sciences & Ecology ; Geology ; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
WOS类目	Environmental Sciences ; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary ; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
WOS记录号	WOS:001274912000001
出版者	SPRINGERNATURE
WOS关键词	GRIDDED DATA ; CO2 ; SEA ; PCO(2) ; VARIABILITY ; CLIMATOLOGY ; EXCHANGE ; RECONSTRUCTION ; SEAWATER ; COASTAL
引用统计
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://ir.qdio.ac.cn/handle/337002/186079
专题	中国科学院海洋研究所
通讯作者	Li, Xuegang; Song, Jinming
作者单位	1.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Oceanol, Qingdao, Peoples R China 2.Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China 3.Laoshan Lab, Qingdao, Peoples R China 4.Chinese Acad Sci, Ctr Ocean Mega Sci, Qingdao, Peoples R China
第一作者单位	中国科学院海洋研究所
通讯作者单位	中国科学院海洋研究所
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Zhong, Guorong,Li, Xuegang,Song, Jinming,et al. The Southern Ocean carbon sink has been overestimated in the past three decades[J]. COMMUNICATIONS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT,2024,5(1):12.
APA	Zhong, Guorong.,Li, Xuegang.,Song, Jinming.,Wang, Fan.,Qu, Baoxiao.,...&Dai, Jiajia.(2024).The Southern Ocean carbon sink has been overestimated in the past three decades.COMMUNICATIONS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT,5(1),12.
MLA	Zhong, Guorong,et al."The Southern Ocean carbon sink has been overestimated in the past three decades".COMMUNICATIONS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT 5.1(2024):12.